Difference between revisions of "Gentoo Install"

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(Duplicate / obvious information removed - Gentoo's install handbook covers this if really needed)
 
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== Why Gentoo? ==
== Why Gentoo? ==
* Many binary distributions make it difficult to locate the appropriate libraries for ZoneMinder to build properly. Packages for these distrubutions often do not include development libraries and headers necessary for building software from source.
* Other distros have a one-size-fits-all approach, including full GUI environments unnecessary for a ZoneMinder CCTV DVR box.
* Binary distributions make it difficult to locate the appropriate libraries for ZoneMinder to build properly. Packages for these distrubutions often do not include development libraries and headers necessary for building software from source.
* A Gentoo system is highly configurable, and is easy to update and maintain.
* A Gentoo system is highly configurable, and is easy to update and maintain.
* Gentoo's portage package system in conjunction with the emerge command makes it much easier to obtain the needed packages for ZoneMinder and whatever else you might need.
* Gentoo's portage package system in conjunction with the emerge command makes it much easier to obtain the needed packages for ZoneMinder and whatever else you might need.


== What You Will Need ==
== Installation of Gentoo Linux ==
* A [Gentoo LiveCD|http://www.gentoo.org/main/en/where.xml]
Gentoo has its own comprehensive install guide which is regularly updated, this can be found in the [https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Handbook:Main_Page Gentoo Handbook].
* An internet connection


== About ZoneMinder for Gentoo ==
== Installing ZoneMinder for Gentoo ==
There are some ZoneMinder packages (called 'ebuilds') available for Gentoo in the 'portage' tree. However, they are not readily available in the mainstream portage tree ''and'' are a few releases behind. In addition, these ebuids have questionable configurability. It is best to compile from source.
There are some ZoneMinder packages (called 'ebuilds') available for Gentoo in the 'portage' tree. https://packages.gentoo.org/packages/www-misc/zoneminder


Overview of a Gentoo Installation
The ZoneMinder ebuilds are currently (April 2017) masked.
* Prepare filesystems
You will need to unmask the package
* Mount filesystems
<pre># nano /etc/portage/package.keywords
* Copy over base system from CD
www-misc/zoneminder ~amd64
* Retrieve latest portage tree from the internet
</pre>
* Build a kernel
* Install necessary system packages
** grub
** dhcpcd
* Set Up Init Scripts


you may also want to add the version to /etc/portage/package.unmask
<pre># nano /etc/portage/package.unmask
=www-misc/zoneminder-1.30.2
</pre>


== Installation ==
After unmasking you can now install via the emerge command.
The quickest way to install Gentoo is to use the bootable LiveCD available at [http://www.gentoo.org|gentoo.org]. I've found that the automatic installer does not work very well and often errors out over simple CDROM read errors. Instead, use the commands from the Gentoo Install Guide to manually copy over the system to your hard drive.


=== Chrooting Your New System ===
<pre>
That's it! You're ready to change your context into the actual running of your new system environment. That's where chrooting comes in.
emerge --ask zoneminder
</pre>


=== Setting USE Flags to Determine Compile Behavior ===
ZoneMinder currently depends on mysql. Gentoo will install [https://packages.gentoo.org/packages/dev-db/mariadb dev-db/maria] by default unless you configure otherwise. This will need to be configured prior to running ZoneMinder and adding its database.
Gentoo has a neat concept of system management called USE flags. The USE variable is set by the file /etc/make.conf. In the USE variable, you specify what kinds of features you want included in packages. For example, if you set the 'apache2' use flag, any software that can take advantage of the apache webserver will be compiled to do just that. In addition, if you do not have apache installed and you try to install that same software, Apache will be automatically installed. There are many, many USE flags available. Many of them, along with their descriptions can be found [http://www.gentoo.org/dyn/use-index.xml here].


Here are the flags I use on my Gentoo system that's meant to be a media/ZM/camera server.
<pre>
USE="-3dfx -arts -berkdb -cups -doc -esd -flac -fortran -gnome -gps -gtk -gtk2 -hardened -imap -ipv6 -kde -nls -opengl -oss -recode -qt -X -xv apache2 mpm-prefork bzip2 mysql php encode exif ffmpeg fbcon gd java javascript jpeg jpeg2k matroska mime mmx sse mp3 mpeg ogg oggvorbis vorbis pcre perl quicktime readline samba ssl symlink theora usb v4l vcd wifi xml xml2 xvid"
emerge --config mariadb
</pre>


As you can see, this says a lot about how my system behaves. I do not use an X Server, so I disabled X, gtk, gtk2, gnome, kde, qt, xv (everything having to do with a graphical desktop). I enabled things like apache2, php, jpeg, mpeg, v4l, xvid (anything media related).
Once configured, you will need to add the zm database and install the default tables.


<pre>
mysql -uroot -p -e "create database zm;"
mysql -uroot -p zm < /usr/share/zoneminder/db/zm_create.sql
mysql -uroot -p


=== Building a Kernel ===
mysql> use zm; grant select,insert,update,lock tables,delete on zm.* to 'zmuser'@localhost identified by 'zmpass';
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> exit;
</pre>


Before Building a kernel, you may want to get some details about the hardware on your computer. You can do this using the tools on your LiveCD. Switch to another virtual console (Ctrl+Alt+F2-F6). These consoles are still running in the CD environment, NOT chrooted in the system you are building. From here you can do a dmesg|less and lspci to see what devices you have installed.
Follow the standard procedure in compiling a kernel. The process usually proceeds as:
# make menuconfig, to configure the kernel
# make, to comile the kernel
# make install,
# make modules
# make modules_install


Necessary Packages
ZoneMinder mentions a few packages that are required; namely php, mysql and apache. But in my experience it requires many more.


You'll need:
=== Config File ===
* apache
* php
* mysql
* ffmpeg
* libperl
* openssl
* jpeg


Luckily, many of these packages are installed automatically as a result of dependencies. Gentoo will let you know what packages will also be installed with a selected package.
ZoneMinder's config file is located at /etc/zm.conf


You may want:
A default install will only require your database details to be updated.
* pciutils, to get information about PCI devices to assist in troubleshooting.
* usbutils, to get information about USB devices to assist in troubleshooting.
* syslog-ng, to manage system logs. ZoneMinder will need to be configured to use it. (/etc/syslog-ng/syslog-ng.conf)
* vixie-cron, for ZoneMinder to complete scheduled cron jobs.
* samba, to exchange files with Windows clients/servers.
* camsource, lets you view the same pictures your capture card is seeing. Can be useful for diagnosis.


== ZoneMinder Compilation ==
<pre>
ZM_DB_USER=zmuser
ZM_DB_PASS=zmpass
</pre>                       


You can retreive the ZoneMinder source by using the Links web browser and navigating to http://www2.zoneminder.com/downloads. If anyone has a better way, could you please amend the Wiki?
==== Additional Packages ====
 
You may also want to install:
* pciutils - this is useful if you have pci based capture cards, probably not required if you intend to use IP cameras.
* usbutils - same as pciutils for usb cameras, may not be required.
* samba - to exchange files with Windows clients/servers.
 
These packages are easily installed by typing emerge --ask <package_name>
 
==Maintaining the System==
===Watchdogs===
===Avoiding a Full Disk===
====Automatic FTP of Events====
====Purge When Full Script====
The default install includes a purge script that will clear frames at 95% disk capacity. This can be modifed under "Filters".

Latest revision as of 11:30, 25 August 2017

About Gentoo

Gentoo is a distribution that prides itself on being extra-configurable, processor native, and easy to update. Gentoo users usually compile their installation from srouce, but while it's great to nitpick on the details, Gentoo also has the option of installing a precompiled system quickly from a LiveCD.

Why Gentoo?

  • Other distros have a one-size-fits-all approach, including full GUI environments unnecessary for a ZoneMinder CCTV DVR box.
  • Binary distributions make it difficult to locate the appropriate libraries for ZoneMinder to build properly. Packages for these distrubutions often do not include development libraries and headers necessary for building software from source.
  • A Gentoo system is highly configurable, and is easy to update and maintain.
  • Gentoo's portage package system in conjunction with the emerge command makes it much easier to obtain the needed packages for ZoneMinder and whatever else you might need.

Installation of Gentoo Linux

Gentoo has its own comprehensive install guide which is regularly updated, this can be found in the Gentoo Handbook.

Installing ZoneMinder for Gentoo

There are some ZoneMinder packages (called 'ebuilds') available for Gentoo in the 'portage' tree. https://packages.gentoo.org/packages/www-misc/zoneminder

The ZoneMinder ebuilds are currently (April 2017) masked. You will need to unmask the package

# nano /etc/portage/package.keywords
www-misc/zoneminder ~amd64

you may also want to add the version to /etc/portage/package.unmask

# nano /etc/portage/package.unmask
=www-misc/zoneminder-1.30.2

After unmasking you can now install via the emerge command.

emerge --ask zoneminder

ZoneMinder currently depends on mysql. Gentoo will install dev-db/maria by default unless you configure otherwise. This will need to be configured prior to running ZoneMinder and adding its database.

emerge --config mariadb

Once configured, you will need to add the zm database and install the default tables.

mysql -uroot -p -e "create database zm;"
mysql -uroot -p zm < /usr/share/zoneminder/db/zm_create.sql
mysql -uroot -p

mysql> use zm; grant select,insert,update,lock tables,delete on zm.* to 'zmuser'@localhost identified by 'zmpass';
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> exit;


Config File

ZoneMinder's config file is located at /etc/zm.conf

A default install will only require your database details to be updated.

ZM_DB_USER=zmuser
ZM_DB_PASS=zmpass

Additional Packages

You may also want to install:

  • pciutils - this is useful if you have pci based capture cards, probably not required if you intend to use IP cameras.
  • usbutils - same as pciutils for usb cameras, may not be required.
  • samba - to exchange files with Windows clients/servers.

These packages are easily installed by typing emerge --ask <package_name>

Maintaining the System

Watchdogs

Avoiding a Full Disk

Automatic FTP of Events

Purge When Full Script

The default install includes a purge script that will clear frames at 95% disk capacity. This can be modifed under "Filters".