Dedicated SBC Camera Monitor

This is a guide for setting up a dedicated computer (core 2 duo or newer) or SBC (RPI recommended) to view all streams at once. I run this with about 28 streams with live montage of some reasonable slow but usable FPS on a mid-late 2000's used desktop. RPI's would probably only be able to run less streams, maybe 10-15.

This page is a WIP. It was tested on Debian 8/9. This guide has some other tips in Dedicated_RPI_Camera_Monitor and Desktop_SBC_Camera_Monitor. These pages will be incorporated into one page as time permits. There are other ways to do this. You can also have ZMNinja on a dedicated client per http://zoneminder.blogspot.com/p/odroid.html

Setup

Installation

Requirements

• >8GB HDD / SD
• SBC (RPI4 or equivalent) / old pc (core 2 duo or newer)
• Internet connection
• Computer monitor

This guide used to cover install steps for a BBB, but that will be kept in the history. This guide will now just cover general desktop setup steps.

OS

Install debian without X/Wayland. Install only SSH and the file system utilities from the ISO wizard.

Install dwm from scratch or from the repos (scratch is easier for editing the config file).

apt-get install firefox-esr

Auto Start Computer

Edit .xinitrc, /etc/rc.local, /etc/inittab, and .bash_profile to auto startx without requiring a login, load the browser (firefox, chromium, or surf) with the path of the zm server monitor feed, and disable the screensaver.

Added to /etc/inittab (comment out existing, and add this below. Replace username with your new user):

1:2345:respawn:/bin/login -f USERNAME tty1 </dev/tty1 >/dev/tty1 2>&1

Copy /etc/profile to user that will be auto logging in:

cp /etc/profile /home/USERNAME/.bash_profile

Appended to /home/USERNAME/.bash_profile :

exec startx

When startx loads, it will pull settings from ~/.xinitrc for USERNAME so edit that (note that .xinitrc requires & after all commands that are not the final wm).

#!/bin/bash
/usr/local/bin/surf "localhost/zm/cgi-bin/nph-zms??mode=jpeg&monitor=1&scale=100&maxfps=5&buffer=1000&user=user&pass=pass" &
exec dwm

or firefox might look something like:

#!/bin/bash
/usr/bin/firefox &
exec dwm

or the path for chromium might be:

#!/bin/bash
chromium-browser --home-page http://127.0.0.1/resource --no-sandbox --window-size=1920,1280 --start-fullscreen --test-type
exec dwm

Add an additional user beside the one used for the auto login, otherwise ssh will fail. ssh will try to startx when it loads, and it won't be able to. Add USERNAME2 permissions to sudoers.

# adduser USERNAME2
nano /etc/sudoers

Disable screensaver for the first USERNAME per Arch Wiki: Display Power Management Signaling

nano /home/USERNAME/.xinitrc
export DISPLAY=:0 &
xset s off &
xset -dpms &

These go before the other commands in .xinitrc, as they have the & symbol. The total .xinitrc will be something like:

#!/bin/bash
export DISPLAY=:0 &
xset s off &
xset -dpms &
<browser command here>
exec dwm

Note: When troubleshooting xset. You must be the same user that is running X (ssh in as different user, then su to user). And, you must export DISPLAY to :0 or similar. Finally xset q should query the current settings.

Fine Tuning

At this point, you should be able to boot the SBC or desktop and receive a video feed without user interaction. All the users have to do is press the power button.

Choosing the proper page to view on the browser

See External Live Stream

Refresh Screen Periodically

You will want to have the web browser refresh every few minutes. Otherwise, if the feed drops out, it will not return unless you reboot. The way I accomplished this was:

Install xdotool

# apt-get install xdotool

Edit surf config.h and add the following to the keybindings section, then make and make install.

{ 0, GDK_F5,  reload, { .b = FALSE } },

Add to /etc/crontab

DISPLAY=:0
*/5 * * * * username /usr/bin/xdotool key F5

To make sure this works, with the browser watching a camera stream, restart apache2 on the ZM server, and the browser feed will freeze. A successful F5 from xdotool will refresh the screen, as long as surf has a keybinding for it.

Accessing headless X via VNC

In the case that you have a headless device (no monitor attached) yet X is running, here's some tips for accessing the desktop via VNC.

sudo apt-get install xserver-xorg-legacy
add:
allowed-users:anybody 
in /etc/X11/Xwrapper.config
apt-get install x11vnc

Final command may be something like

ssh -L 5900:localhost:5900 user@pineboard  x11vnc -safer  -localhost -nopw -once -auth /tmp/serverauth*   -display :0 

If you are doing headless on vnc, get rid of startx on bash profile and just run it manually.

Test x11vnc with

x11vnc -display :0

But none of the other flags to start. When in doubt, break the commands down to make troubleshooting easier.

Tips

• dd or clonezilla the disc to an img to deploy in multiple places .

• When troubleshooting any streams that flicker, try to downscale the video, per External Live Stream for clients. I.e. include the stream=50 or some percentage lower than 100 in the ZM path.

Troubleshooting

Installing and updating is slow!

On an SBC a counterfeit SD card could be the cause. A counterfeit or non name brand SD may take one day, what takes 2 hours to do with a name brand card.

How do I disable keypresses for kiosk mode?

I don't have the need, but it's possible to do further lockdown. Look online.

See Also

• Desktop SBC Camera Monitor

• Beaglebone Black - Devuan Jessie

• Zoneminder Blogspot - ODroid XU4 Zoneminder Client

• Alpine Linux Version - The above guide was adapted for digital signage on an RPI4